Multiple Choice
Spearman’s g factor refers to __________.
Howard Gardner identified a total of __________
intelligences.
Robert Sternberg distinguished among analytical, practical,
and __________ intelligence.
A test is reliable if __________.
A test has a high degree of validity if __________.
Personality is best defined as __________.
Freud emphasized that the ego operates on the __________
principle.
Freud emphasized that the id operates on the __________
principle.
According to Freud, the defense mechanism that underlies all
others is __________.
Displacement refers to the process by which people
__________.
Short Answer
1. Briefly explain how trait theorists develop and test
theories such as the “Big Five” personality factors.
2. Although Susan is a brilliant pianist and highly
acclaimed ballet dancer, her high school intelligence test scores were only
average. What does Susan's experience suggest regarding (a) the nature of
intelligence, and (b) the content validity of intelligence tests?
3. You have been hired by a large public school system to
construct a musical aptitude test. Describe how you would standardize your test
and assess its reliability and validity. Explain why it might be more difficult
to develop a valid musical aptitude test than a reliable one.
4. Juan is the oldest son of Mexican
parents who immigrated to the United States less than five years ago. Juan's
high school teachers perceive him to be fairly intelligent, but his SAT scores
are low, and he is having trouble getting into college. Juan's mother angrily
claims that “intelligence tests are biased against Hispanics.” Juan's father
sadly counters, “It's not the tests that are biased; it's American education
that is biased.”
Carefully explain why you would agree or disagree with
the comments made by each parent.
